Core-type reel drive



y 1949. A. T. BACHELER 2,476,796

CORE-TYPE REEL DRIVE Filed Oct. 31, 1947 5 Sheets-Sheet l ATTORNEY July 19, 1949. A. T. BACHELER 2,476,796

Y CORE-TYPE REEL DRIVE Filed Oct. 51, 1947 3 sheets-sheet 2 WITNESSES:

ATTORN EY July 19, 1949. A. T. BACHELER 2,476,796

.CORE-TYPE REEL DRIVE Filed Oct. 31, 1947 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 WITNESSES: INVENTOR ,2,4 ma Z IBOCbek/T fl BY W6. MM

ATTORNEY Patented July 19, 1949 UN I T E D STATE S E-NT OFFICE 2,476,796 I cone-TYPE REEL news" v Alliert Ti Bacheler, Pittsburgh; assigned W sti h e El r reretiol t Ea t. .l

burgh, Pa., a corporation of Pennsylvania Application estates 31, 1947, Serial No. 783,315

14 Claims.

Leonard) drive systems for winding material on a reel core.

Customary core=typei reel drives of this kind wind the material under constant'pull or tension. ihis performance. is secured, for instance, by regulating the field" excitation oi the motor for constant horsepower of: the reel-drive. motor.

Such constant-tensiontdrives have been found to be unsatisfactory for winding cellophane and similar films sincetheinsideportion ofthe rolledup material next to the driven core is often crushed by pressure occurring'wh'en the reel approaches full diameter;

Self-regulating variablevoltagedrives are also available for operating the drive motor at constant torque. This performanceiis obtained, for instance, by series-connecting in themotor armature circuit the armature of a" regulating generator which regulates the; motor armature voltage for constant current, the motor field being constant so that the driving torque is proportional to the regulated current. When using a constanttorque drive for winding purposes, the tension in the material decreases as the reel diameter is building up.

Such constant-torque drives, While avoiding the above-mentioned damaging effects of constant-tension drives on cellophane or the like material, may lead to unevenly wound and excessively loose reels of material because winding pull and tension decline in inverse proportion to the increase in roll diameter which is a too rapid rate for satisfying actual requirements. For instance, for reels with a ratio 4:1.of full and empty reel core diameters, the tension at the end ofthe winding performanceis only one-quarter of the tension with which the inner layers are Wound.

It is, therefore; an object of my invention to provide variable-voltage reel drives that, when operating with cellophane and similar film material, are capable of producing evenly built-up rolls of material while safely preventing damage to the material.

Another chest of the invention is to secure'a winding performanceunder varying tension and varying torque "and in'accordance with a predetermined speed-torque characteristic which is intermediate between constant-tension and constant-torque, and it is also an object of my invention to permit adjusting or changing the rate at which the tension changes with the reel diameter.

Still another object of'm'y invention is to de' signthevariablevoltagesystem of a core-type reel driveiin-such almanne'r that the same'regulater. or generatorithat governs thenormal winding performance is also eifective; under selective control by the'cperator; to regulate the empty reel speed of the: drive'-moto'r for maintaining a given maximum speed valueito facilitate threading a new reelwithout' reduction of material pro duction speed. 7 .i

These andmore.spec'ificj'objects, as wellas the means provided; by' :my; ,invention', for achieving these objects,'will-pelapllarentjfrom the following description ,inconjunction with) the drawings, in which Figure 1' is an; explanatory coordinate dia: gram showing .ttypical speed-torque characteristics', while Figst 3,: 51 .and' .5. represent circuit diagrams of; foun diiierent' embodiments, respect ve yi f the inventionini H nthe schematic speed-torque diagram of Fig.

1, curve a is a typical characteristic of a reel drive controlledfor constant tension, for instance by ulat n the enerator .field excitation. of the Ward Leonard drive-for constant horsepower output of the motor. The torque varies in inverse prop o to. the p e er) that-c rve a is a hyp r- 1a-.. .C ve' is atypica constan -t r ue chare istic. a o ta ned,;ior.in tanceiby re l tin th mq orarmatu vo t for. consta t rr Incontrast theretog the.inventionsecures a characteristic of A variable tension; and simultaneously variabl to que h qh :iw t in r ecti n P. erb ra v hos n) iesbe wee fi e.charac er t a n l and isapp eci blv d f erent f m both. for i sta ce a repre ented hy.. ;u. .v c o d; a he nven ion also a o e ectin n a i the characteristic; within the range determined by curves wand. b to adjustthe winder for different requirements of particular jobs,

cor i sjtq y. i en on, a Wa d Leo ri e. i f ndament yodes sn d.fo o e a i the motor at constant torque as typified by curve 2), and orre t ve con i s per m sed which modifies the characteris 1c toward a constant-tam sion or constant horsepower characteristic (Figs. 2, 3, 4. ands).

In 21th.; and the appertai el drive motoris denoted by M [arinatureby i. Motor M I I d-adi'fferential'field winding f I 4, V ur'efisenergizedby variable voltage .fr'or'rf the arrn'aturef i of a main generator Gvwitha' separajtelyexcited field windmes: Generator mayser've'to energize other drive Inotorsfofsectionaldrive equipi'nent.

*Ser'ies connjected 'ith otol armature I and main"generatorai inatur fisthearrnature 6 of a regulatin g' generater R; In the" illustrated example, generator R has a self-excited shunt field winding I, a main pilot field winding 8, a pattern field winding 9, and an auxiliary pilot field winding Ill. The pattern field winding is poled for differential action as regards pilot field windings 8 and I0.

Generators G and R operate at constant speed and may be driven by a single motor as represented at A. The same motor A may drive the armature I2 of an exciter which is shown to have a field winding I3 shunt-excited through a voltage-adjusting rheostat I4. The constant-voltage buses of the exciter are denoted by I5 and It. The buses I5 and I6 may serve toprovide constant voltage for the field circuits of other see-- tional drives appertaining to the same machinery.

The field winding 5 of the main generator G receives constant excitation from buses to and it through a speed-control rheostat I I. Connected across buses I5 and I6 are two voltagedividing rheostats I8 and I9. Rheostat I8 serves to set the average winding tension of the drive in accordance with a desired value, while the setting of rheostat I9 determines the high empty reel speed at which the drive is to operate during threading operations. A slider of rheostat i8 is normally connected to the pattern field winding $3 of regulating generator R through the contact 2| of a switch S. Consequently, the pattern field winding 9 is normally excited by constant voltage from buses I5 and I6 in accordance with the voltage adjustment of rheostat I8. Switch S has four other contacts denoted by 22, 23, 24 and 25. When switch S is actuated to open contact 2 I', the pattern field winding 9 is disconnected from the rheostat I8 and is instead connected by contact 22 to the slider of rheostat I9. At the same time, the pilot field winding 8 is shorted and instead the pilot field winding I0 is connected across the motor armature I through a calibrating rheostat 25, while the circuit of the differential field winding 3 of motor M is interrupted.

With switch S in its normal, illustrated position, the motor field winding 3 is connected across the series arrangement of motor armature I and pilot field winding 8 so as to be energized substantially in proportion to the motor speed. The circuit of field winding 3 includes a rheostat 21 which is ganged-up with the speedcontrol rheostat I! so that its setting is automatically changed when the rheostat I? is adjusted for a different reeling speed. Series-connected with rheostat 21 is a compensation-adjusting resistor 28 whose setting can be varied at will but need not be changed during the operation of the drive.

The system is equipped with a main contactor C whose coil 3| controls four contacts denoted by 32, 33, 34 and 35. When contactor C is in the illustrated dropped-out condition, its contact 33 connects a dynamic braking resistor 36 across the motor armature I in order to secure a fast braking of the motor when the drive is to be stopped. Contact 34 controls the adjustment of a calibrating resistor 31 in the shunt circuit of the selfexciting field winding 1. This resistor may be rated so that when contact 34 is closed, the resistance line of the self-excited field circuit is approximately coincident with the no-load saturation characteristic of the regulating generator R. When contact 34 opens, the resistance value of the self-excited field circuit is increased in order to enforce a rapid decline of the voltage field winding 3 exceeds a given maximum value.

When the start contact 38 is actuated, coil 3i is energized so that contactor C picks up and closes the armature circuit of the variable-voltage system. The self-sealing contact 35 of contactor C maintains coil 3I energized until either the stop contact 39 is actuated or the contact 46 of the protective relay P opened. With contactor C picked up, the motor M is energized from generator G which provides a voltage depending upon the selected adjustment of the speed-control rheostat Hi. This voltage is modified by the booster voltage generated in armature 6. The regulation is such that the current flowing through the pilot field winding 8 remains constant. Consequently, the resultant voltage impressed across the motor armature I varies to the extent necessary to maintain the motor armature current at a constant value. If the motor received only constant field excitation from its main field winding 2, the drive would operate the reel core at constant torque substantially in accordance with characteristic B in Fig. 1. However, the difierential motor field 3, excited in dependence upon the motor speed, imposes a modifying field control'on the motor M with the effect of modifying the speed-torque characteristic so that the drive operates with variable torque and simultaneously variable tension as typified by the speed-torque characteristic c or d in Fig. 1. This modifying efiect comes about as follows. 7

Since the differential motor fieldwinding 3 is excited across the armature of the reel motor, its excitation will change as the reel of material builds up on the driven core. At empty reel when the speed and armature voltage of motor M are highest, the excitation of the difierential field winding 3 is a maximum, and hence reduces the resultant motor field. Thus, the value of the driving torque is correspondingly reduced. At full reel when the speed and armature voltage of the motor are low, the excitation of the differential motor field 3 is considerably reduced, the net motor field is greater, and the value of torque is correspondingly increased. The rate at which the torque is changed as the reel builds up is adjustable by means of the resistor 28. Consequently, by changing the adjustment of resistor 28, the desired speed-torque characteristic, for instance either characteristic 0 or d, can be chosen in accordance with the particular material to be wound. The rheostat 27 has the effect of changing the resistance in the differential motor field circuit in accordance with the change in the main generator voltage, thus compensating for voltage changes due to changes in the traveling speed or" the reeling material.

The drive would tend to run away in the event of a film break. This, however, is prevented by the protective relay P which causes the contactor C to drop out and to stop the motor if the current in the differential field circuit exceeds a predetermined maximum value. When the switch ing v8 of: the regulating-{generationR..is :shorted so that this generatorrno, longer responds to variations in the motorxarmature.current. .In-

stead, the circuitotgthe auxiliarypilot field ii! -is-closed atvcontactl-flci fi-ince-ith fizp u field s ener iz d acrossthe motcramnatnre Land-since,

due-to theeactuationprof ,iswitch S,:;the:circuit of th nattiernsfieldwinding 9 isrecalibrated for the speed: 1 settin of. rheostat glfiirxthei .adrive is ;--1now :regulated. for maintainin a.zsubstantiallyscom .stantgthreading speed.

:The embodiment illustrated-zinFis. issimi-lar to :the: ,oneldescribedzabore; with; theexception; of

a: modified. arrangementandcontrol of themotor fieldcircuits; jfllhe.1n:ainicontactonvdynamic braking, resistor. -and protective relaytare omittediin Fig. 3,, although it will. bezundersztoodthat; Similar .eiementsmaybeapplied.

Accordin -tufts. Bethe armature -l, of motor M isenergizedironnthee-rmature :A-of .a maingeneratortaiin serieswith: parmature-Eof a, regulating-generator,R. vflhejield :circuits, of the regulatingeeneratorltandofithe main generator asxwellas; the 'exciterE auxiliary motor .A, and

switch S... are'identical; iththe corresponding elements z.-andzde.vices oof .Eia. 2;;andare. denoted by corresponding reierencenumerals, sothat the fol wing:descrintionmaybe limited. to the dif ferently-desiened; miotonfield circuits of .theen'ibodimentshown. in :Figs

. Motor, M isequipped-with a; :mainifield winding 42 rand .a.:speed nting. fieldavinding 143. These :fieldwindings; arezoumulativezwith respec u to each other..;. A-rectifi-erAil isseries-connected with windingnlsin order toe-prevent:reversal of current. windingqdil. .andrectifitats.are disposedinga loop. circuitzwhich. extendsthrough resisters. .45; Adand 41 and form-smarter .a Wheatstone-bridge;networhwhose;four terminal points are denoted bys'dfi dil; 51,.and 52.1 Terminal points 48 and. 4B; ar.e.;attached. totthe. constant-.voltage buses 15;.and. 16; respectively, in: series with the speed-limitingrfield :winding :43. Consequently, the bridge;network-isenergieedby current of constantvoltage so tilfltdfifildTWiDdil'lgAZ receives a component; ;cons.tant;excitation;f Bridge terminal points and 52 are:normallyiconnectedacross the seriesarrangement of motor armature I. and pilot field. winding 18- series; with the rheostats 21 and 28.-. Consequently, asecond component voltage is iimpressed; Olin-MEL bridge; network and this .voItage; yariessnbstantially in accordance .withrthe. motorispeed; at; a: ratio: determined by the setting. of rheostats 2.1.:andx28. As a result,

a variable component; excitation is superimposed on themain field winding 42 and acts :difierentially with-respect to the above-mentionedconstantexcitation. The. resultant-motor field is .thereforemodified in substantially. the same way as in theembodimentofjlig. 2, so, that the speedtorque characteristic .of .theldr-ive is as typified by curves 0 and d Fig. 1.

Instead of using only one main field winding 42' in motor M "and inserting resistors in the three'other branches of the bridge network, it

is also-possible to equip motor M with two cumulat-ively acting main 'field 'windings' "disposed in two diagonally opposite-branches of the "bridge znetwork. 1; 1 Such a modi-fica-tion is illustrated in I Fig; 4 by a straight linecircuit-diagram showing only the motor field circuits; --since in allother ing rectifier a ,ing' li with an appertaining rectifier 44'; are -provided, in the modification of Fig. 4. WindingsflZ and 42 lie inopposite bridge-branches. :Thetwo other branches are formed by; resistors 45 and d1. Eachof windings 42 and 42' is control-led in the manner described above with :,ref erence :to

8, and the two field windingspfland 42.,are wound for cumulative performance.

,In the embodiment according toFig. 5, the reel motor M operates at constant field and'the regulated value of its armature current is changed as the reel builds up. Excitation for the motor 7 field winding 62 is provided from constant-voltage buses 59 and connected to asuitable current source, for instance, an exciter E? driven-by a constant-speed motor A. The-armature M of reel motor M is connected across the armature es of a main generatorG whose'field winding, 65 receives variable excitation from the armature d5 of a regulating generator R under controlby a self-excited field winding 67, apilot fieldwinding 68, two cumulative pattern field windings 69, i8 and an auxiliary pilot fielduwindingz H. Pattern field windings $9 and H! are-difierential with respect to the pilot .field windings Ellandll and balanced by the pilot field windings when the voltage across the armature 66 of theregulating generator has the value required for maintainin the main generator'outputat a varying current as the winder reel builds up. The armatures 64 and 56 operate at constant speedand may be driven as shown by the motor A.

The self-excited field winding 51 is shown to be series-connected with the-armature 66,..although a shunt or compound arrangement may also be used. The circuit of field windingfi'l includes a calibrating resistor which. as to con-- nection and purpose corresponds lJO'IESiStOITST in Fig. 2. The pilot field winding 68' of regulating generator R is connected in the armature circuit of the main generator and motor in series with a resistor '13. Consequently, the excitation of the pilot field winding 68 is proportional-to the motor armature current as in the examples previously described.

The pattern field windingst and lil are connected with resistors 14 and T5 in the loop circuit of a VVheatstOne-bridge network whoseterminal points are denoted by 15, "llldan'd 79. Bridge terminal point it is connected to the exciter-bus 5s. The opposite bridge terminal point 19 is connected to the slider of a potentiometric tensionsetting rheostat at through a normally closed contact 3! of a switch 5. Consequently, the pattern field windings E9 and 78 receive a component excitation of a normally constantvalue determined by th setting of rheostat 88. Switch S has four additional contacts denoted by 82, 83, 3d and Contact 82, when closed, connects the bridge terminal E9 to the slider of a speedsetting rheostat 35 so that the constantcornponent excitation of the pattern-field windings cc and it is changed to such a value as-required for threading operations. Contact 84 normally connects a potentiometric rheostat 81 across the motor armature SI and contact 33, when closed, connects the auxiliary pilot field winding ll across the motor armature 6 I; while, at the same time, the pilot field winding 58 is shorted by contact 85, the rheostat 8i disconnected at contact 84 and the pattern field bridge circuit switched over for excitation from the rheostat B6.

The terminal point ii of the pattern field bridge network is attached to the slider of rheostat 8i and this slider is ganged-up with that of the speed-control rheostat 36. The opposite bridge terminal 16 is connected to the motor armature circuit through a rheostat $8 so that the voltage impressed across terminals i6 and l! is proportional to the motor armature voltage, the proportion being determined by the setting of rheostat 81. It will thus be recognized that a second component excitation is impressed on the pattern field windings 59 and iii which varies in accordance with the motor speed. This second component is differential with respect to the abovementioned constant component of excitation of the pattern field winding. Consequently, the resultant pattern field excitation of the regulating generator is modified. This modification is such that the speed-torque characteristic of the drive, normally similar to that represented by curve b in Fig. 1, is changed toward curve a so as to result in a variable-torque and variable-tension characteristic of the type indicated by curve or d.

The system of Fig. is also equipped with a main co-ntactor C whose coil 91] controls four contacts denoted by 9!, d2, 93 and 9. Contact 93 connects a dynamic braking resistor 95 across the motor armature 5% when contactor C is dropped out. Coil 9B of contactor C is energized from constant-voltage buses 53 and 69 under control by a normally open start contact 95 and a normally closed stop contact er. Actuation oi contact 94 causes the contactor to pick up and to maintain its coil 96 energized through the self holding contact 9d. At the same time, the dy namic-braking resistor 95 is disconnected, and the resistor 12 in the self-excited field circuit of the regulating generator is calibrated to make the resistance line of this circuit approximately co incident with the unsaturated linear portion or the magnetic characteristic of generator R. With switch S in the illustrated position, the drive then operates so that the voltage impressed on motor armature 6| by generator G is varied so that the motor current at any moment has a value determined by the resultant excitation of the pattern field windings 69 and Hi. Since this excitation changes automatically with changes in motor speed, the current applied to the motor is changed toward smaller values as the reel of material builds up on the driven core.

When the switch S is placed in position for threading speed, the pilot field winding 68 be comes ineffective. Instead, auxiliar pilot field winding H is excited, but this excitation no longer depends upon the motor current but is controlled in proportion to the motor speed. At the same time, the excitation of the pattern field windings B9 and 1c is recalibrated to a different value. As a result, the drive is now self -regulating to maintain the speed desired for threading and the like operations.

It will be recognized by those skilled in the art after a study of this disclosure that variable-voltage systems for core-type reel drives according to the invention may be modified in various re- 8 spects and may be embodied by circuits different from those specifically shown and described, without departing from the objects and principles of my invention and without departing from the essential features of the invention as set forth in the claims annexed hereto.

I claim as my invention:

1. A core-type reel drive, comprising a Ward Leonard system having a driving dynamo, a main generating dynamo with an armature circuit connected to said driving dynamo to provide energization therefor, and a regulating dynamo connected with said main dynamo for regulating said energization and having two mutually difierential control field circuits; current supply means of substantially constant voltage connected to one of said control field circuits to provide normally constant excitation therefor, said other control field circuit being connected to said armature circuit to be excited in dependence upon the current in said armature circuit so that said regulating dynamo control the speed-torque characteristic of said driving dynamo by current-responsive regulation of the voltage impressed by said armature circuit across said driving dynamo; regulating field means associated with one of said dynamos; circuits means connected to said driving dynamo to provide a voltage substantially proportional to the speed of said drivin dynamo, said circuit means being connected to said field means with the polarity of connection required to cause said field means to superimpose a corrective regulation on said driving dynamo in a sense opposite to said current-responsive regulation, and said field means having ampere-turns dimensioned for maintaining said speed-torque characteristic in a predetermined condition between constant-torque and constant-pull characteristics.

2. A core-type reel drive, comprising a Ward Leonard system having a driving dynamo, a main generator with an armature circuit connected to said driving dynamo to provide energization therefor, and a regulating dynamo connected with said generator for regulating said energization and having two mutually differential control field windings, current supply means of substantially constant voltage connected to one of said field windings to provide excitation therefor, said other field winding being connected to said armature circuit to be excited in dependence upon the current in said armature circuit so that said regulating dynamo controls the speed-torque characteristic of said driving dynamo by current-responsive regulation of the voltage impressed by said armature circuit across said driving dynamo; a regulating field winding in one of said dynamos, a circuit connected across said driving dynamo to provide a voltage substantially proportional to the speed of said driving dynamo and being connected to said regulating field windin with the polarity of connection required to cause said regulating field winding to superimpose a corrective regulation on said driving dynamo in a sense opposite to said current-responsive regulation, and said regulating field winding having ampere-turns rated for maintainin said speed-torque characteristic in a predetermined condition between constant-torque and constant-pull characteristics.

3. In a core-type reel drive according to claim 1, said driving dynamo having a main field winding, current supply means of substantially constant voltage attached to said main field winding to provide normally constant excitation therefor, and said regulating field ,means being associated Wi th said" drivingcynam ind-ifi erentialirelation to said main' fieldwindin ll-In a 'core type reeldrive-according to claim L sai'd regiilatiii'g field means-being disposed in said 're'g-ul ating dyname 1" cumulative relation to said other control field circulti 5.- A core-type reel drive comprising "a Ward Leonard systin -having' a reel motor and a main generator witli 'a comiiion armatur circuit,- said system having: cu'rren regulating means connected with-said armature circuit to be responsive" to the current insaid circuit for maintainhaving' two mutually difie'r'entialfield circuits,

for providing a component fild excitation of nor mally constant value s'aid other fi'el'd circuit being connected to s'aid armature circuit across said motor to prov'ide a variablecomponent field excitation dependent 'upon--thle motor speed for increasing the motor "torque-"with decreasing Speed 6'. A' core-type reel dr'ive, cormririsin'ga Ward Leonard system having a reelmotor'and-a main generator with an armature circuit connected to said motor to provide energiaatio'n therefor and a regulating 1 generator disposed for regulating said energizationi said regulating generator having current-responsive field circuit connected 7 the polarity of connection needed for increasing said regulated current -value with decreasing speed:

7. 'A core ty'p'e'"reel drive;comprising a Ward Leonard "systemincluding -'a" reelznotor and a main enerator-havin common armature circult and a regulatinggene'ratoi" having an armature series-connected ins'aid-armature circuit, said regulating generatorhavingtwo mutually balanc'eable controlfield circuits; current supply means of substantiallyconstantvoltage connected to one"ofsaidcontrol'fild circuits for exciting the latter, said other field circuit being connected to saidar'mature' circuit to'be excited in dependence upon the current ofs'a'id armature circuit so that said regulating? generator controls the speed-torque characteristi"-of said motor by current r'es'pons'ive"regulation of the voltage impressed by said armature circuit across said motor, sai'd motor havingit separately excited main' field winding-..and a r'egulating field-winding current-leadsot substantiall constant volt age attached to -said ma'in field 'windin said regulating field winding being connected to said armature circuit across said motor to be excited substantially in proportion to the speed of said motor for superimposing on said motor a corrective regulation in a sense opposite to said current-responsive regulation, said regulating field winding being poled to oppose said main field winding and rated for modifying said speedtorque characteristic to maintain-it in a 'pre'determined' condition between" constant=pu1l l and:

constant-torque characteristics.

8. A core-type reel-drive; comprising a Ward Leonard system having a driving dy'nam a main generating dynamo with afi armature circuit connected to said driving'dynamoto-provide energization therefor, and a regulatingtdynamo connected with said main dynamo iofiregulating said energization and having two mutuaIIy difierentiaI' control field circuits; current supply' meansof substantially constant voltageconnected: to one of said control field circuits'to provide normally constant excitation tlierefor ,'-said other control field circuit being connectedto said-armature circuit to be excited in-- dependence upon the current in said amiature circuitso'that said regulating dynamo controls the" speed-torque:characteristic of' said driving dynamo by current-responsive regulation of the voltage impressed-bysaid: armature circuit acrosssaid driving dynamo; a field winding in said generatingdy-namo, an adjustable control rheostat connectingsaid field winding to said current supply means for adjusting'theexcitation of said winding in accordancewitlra desired basic reeling speed, a regulating field winding in one of said other dynamos;-circuitmeans connected to said driving dynamo-to provide a voltage'substantially proportional to thespeed of saiddriving dynamo, said circuit means being connected to said regulating field meanswith the' polarity of connection requiredto cause said regulating field means to superimposea correctiveregulation on said driving dynamoin-a sensdoppbsite to said current-responsive regulation-3 saidregulating field means having'ampere-turns rated for maintaining said speed-torque-characteristic' in a predetermined condition betweenconstant--torc1ue and constant-pull characteristics, and a: rheostat forming part of said circuit: means and being ganged together with saidcontrol rheostat so as to increase the excitation of: said regulating .field means when said control-rheostatis'adjusted for higher reeling speeds;

9. In a core-type reel driveaccording to claim '7, said main generator-havingL-a field'windingconnected to said current -s'upply'meansto receive normally constant excitation,- a; speed control rheostat interposed- 'lxetween said main generator field winding and said current-supply means for adjusting the value of said: constant excitation, and anotherrheostat connected-with said regulating field windingxaird ganged together with said control rheostat for increasing?theexcitation to speed ratio of said regulating winding with speed-increasing adjustment" of said control rheostat.

10. A core-type reel drive-, comprising a Ward Leonard system having a dr-ive-motor, a main generator and a regulating generator, said main generator and said motor having respective field windings and respective armatures;said'arma tures having a common armature" circuit, current supply means of normally constant-voltage connected to said motor field 'winding, said regulating generator having: zan armatureconnected to said main generatorfieldwindingfor excitingconstant excitation and poled to oppose said first field control circuitrelative to the control of said voltage, said third field control circuit being connected across said motor armature to be excited in dependence upon the motor speed and disposed to act cumulatively to said first circuit as regards the control of said voltage so as to increase the regulated value of motor armature current with decreasin motor speed.

11. A core-type reel drive, comprising a Ward Leonard system having a reel motor and a main generator with a common armature circuit, said system having current-regulating means connected with said armature circuit to be responsive to the current in said circuit for maintaining said current at 'a constant value, said motor having a field winding, a bridge network having a loop arrangement of four series-connected branches and having two pairs of diagonal points between said respective branches, said motor field winding being disposed in one of said branches, current supply means of substantially constant voltage connected to one of said pairs of diagonal points, a circuit attached to said armature circuit across said motor to provide a regulating voltage dependent upon the motor speed and connected to said other pair of diagonal points so that said field winding is excited by the difierential efiect of said two voltages in order to vary the motor torque in less than inverse proportion to speed.

12. With a core-type reel drive according to claim 1, in combination, selectively actuable means for setting the drive to operate at a predetermined low threading'speed, comprising a seiector switch movable between two positions and having four contact devices, two of said contact devices being connected with said-regulating field means and said other control field circuit respectively so as to render them operative when said switch is in one of'said positions and inoperative when said switch is in the other position, a third contact device being connected with said one control field circuit and said current supply means for switching said one field circuit from a normal to 'a low value of said constant excitation when said switch is moved from one to the other position, and a third control field circuit associated with said regulating generator in differential relation to said onecontrol field circuit and connected to said armature circuit across said driving dynamo to provide a voltage dependent upon the drive speed, said third circuit being connected to said fourth contact means to render said third control field circuit operative only when said switch is in said other position.

13. A core-type reel drive, comprising a Ward Leonard system having a reel motor and a main generator with a common armature circuit and including a regulating generator disposed for regulating the current in said armature circuit, said regulating generator having two pilot field windings and a pattern field winding differentially related to said pilot field windings, selective switch means movable between two positions and having a plurality of contact means, current supply means of substantially constant voltage having voltage-divider means connected to said pattern field winding under control by one of said contact means so as to apply to said pattern field winding high voltage when said switch means is in one of said positions and low voltage when said switch means is in the other position, circuit connections attached to said armature circuit to provide a pilot voltage proportional to the current in said armature circuit and being connected to one of said pilot field windings and to another one of said contact means so that said one pilot field winding is energized only when said switch means is in said one position, and circuit means connected to said armature circuit across said motor to provide a pilot voltage dependent upon the motor speed and being connected to said other pilot field winding under control by a third one of said contact means to energize said other pilot field winding only when said switch means is in the other position, whereby said armature current is controlled by said regulating generator in response to current for normal operation of said motor when said switch means is in said one position and in response to voltage for constant low-speed operation when said switch means is in said other position.

14. A core-type reel drive, comprising a Ward Leonard system including a reel motor and a main generator having a common armature circuit and a regulating generator having an armature series-connected in said armature circuit, said regulating generator having mutually balanceable pattern field means and pilot field means respectively, selective contact means movable between two positions for reeling operation and threading operation respectively of said motor, a current supply circuit having voltagedividing rheostat means connected to said pattern field means under control by said contact means to provide high pattern excitation when said contact means are in one position and low pattern excitation when said contact means are in the other position, first circuit means connecting said pilot means with said armature circuit for energizing said pilot means in accordance with the current in said armature circuit, second circuit means connecting said pilot means to said motor for energizing said pilot means in dependence upon the motor speed, said first and second circuit means connected to and controlled by said contact means so that said first circuit means is operative only when said contact means are in said one position while said second circuit means is operative only in said other position of said contact means;

ALBERT T. BACHELER.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 2,205,204 King June 18, 1940 2,278,519 King et al. Apr. 7, 1942 2,300,988 Stephenson Nov. 3, 1942' 2,420,884 King et al May 20, 1947 

